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Performance of photonic devices critically depends upon their efficiency on controlling the flow of light therein. In the recent past, the implementation of plasmonics, two-dimensional (2D) materials and metamaterials for enhanced light-matter interaction (through concepts such as sub-wavelength light confinement and dynamic wavefront shape manipulation) led to diverse applications belonging to spectroscopy, imaging and optical sensing etc. While 2D materials such as graphene, MoS2 etc., are still being explored in optical sensing in last few years, the application of plasmonics and metamaterials is limited owing to the involvement of noble metals having a constant electron density. The capability of competently controlling the electron density of noble metals is very limited. Further, due to absorption characteristics of metals, the plasmonic and metamaterial devices suffer from large optical loss. Hence, the photonic devices (sensors, in particular) require that an efficient dynamic control of light at nanoscale through field (electric or optical) variation using substitute low-loss materials. One such option may be plasmonic metasurfaces. Metasurfaces are arrays of optical antenna-like anisotropic structures (sub-wavelength size), which are designated to control the amplitude and phase of reflected, scattered and transmitted components of incident light radiation. The present review put forth recent development on metamaterial and metastructure-based various sensors. 

This paper proposes a reconfigurable framework to automated reconfigurable secure home system. The proposed system has 3 main features: monitoring controlling of smart home automation through password-protected door lock system, the monitoring controlling of day-to-day electronic devices, fire safety with room temperature monitoring and antitheft system. In this paper, different sensor combinations are to be integrated with the FPGA board. For the Fire safety module, a temperature monitoring sensor has been used that will display the temperature continuously. If the temperature in the room exceeds 60 degree Celsius, then it will turn on the buzzer or alarm for fire safety. For the Anti-theft system, infrared (IR) sensors are fitted in each window. If any unauthorized person tries to breach through the window, both IR sensor signals will be turned ON and the output of the buzzer goes to high. For the door lock system, a finite state machine (FSM) has been implemented. This work focuses on a scalable smart home automation framework using the FPGA board that can be used for integration of multiple sensors in a cost-effective way. The research in this project is focused on processing multiple analog sensor inputs through the FPGA board.